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The electric chair was used until 1976, when execution by firing squad eventually replaced it as the sole method of execution. Future President and then-Chief of the Philippine Constabulary General Fidel V. Under the Marcos regime, drug trafficking also became punishable by death by firing squad, such as the case with Lim Seng, whose execution on January 15, 1973, was also ordered broadcast on national television. The state ordered that the executions be broadcast on national radio. A controversial triple execution took place in May 1972, when Jaime José, Basilio Pineda, and Edgardo Aquino were electrocuted for the 1967 abduction and gang-rape of young actress Maggie de la Riva. Execution numbers climbed under President Ferdinand Marcos, who himself was sentenced to death in 1939 for the murder of Julio Nalundasan-the political rival of his father, Mariano the young Ferdinand was acquitted on appeal.
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In total, 51 people were electrocuted up to 1961. įormer Governor of Negros Occidental, Rafael Lacson, and 22 of his allies, were condemned to die in August 1954 for the murder of a political opponent. Ama notably became the subject of the popular 1976 film, Bitayin si. Other notable cases includes Marciál "Baby" Ama, electrocuted at the age of 16 on October 4, 1961, for murders committed while in prison for lesser charges. However, no executions took place until April 1950, when Julio Gullien was executed for attempting to assassinate President Manuel Roxas.
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The capital crimes after regaining full sovereignty in July 1946 were murder, rape and treason.
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Quezon, the first President of the Commonwealth. The last colonial-era execution took place under Governor-General Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. In 1926, the electric chair ( Spanish: silla eléctrica Filipino: silya eléktrika) was introduced by the United States' colonial Insular Government, making the Philippines the only other country to employ this method. In 1902, the Philippine Commission abolished the use of garrote as a means of executing criminals, and substituted in place thereof execution by hanging. ĭeath by hanging was another popular method.Īnother prominent example is the national hero, José Rizal, who was executed by firing squad on the morning of December 30, 1896, in the park that now bears his name. Ī 1901 execution at the Old Bilibid Prison, Manila, Philippinesĭuring Spanish colonial rule, the most common methods of execution were death by firing squad (especially for treason/military crimes, usually reserved for independence fighters) and garrotte.Ī notable case of execution through garrote by the repressive Spanish government in the Philippines is the execution of three Filipino Catholic martyr priests, Mariano Gomez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, also known as Gomburza. The Philippines, together with Cambodia, are the only Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states that have abolished the death penalty. Numerous Philippine parks, monuments, learning institutions, roads, local government units are named after Jose Rizal and other martyrs executed by the Spanish as a constant reminder of Spanish atrocities through the imposition of the death penalty.Īfter the execution of Imperial Japanese Army General Tomuyuki Yamashita in Laguna, Philippines in 1946 and the formal establishment of the Philippine post-World War II government, capital punishment was mainly used as an anti-crime measure during the rampant lawlessness that dominated the Philippines leading to the declaration of Martial Law in 1972. A substantial number of Filipino national martyrs like Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (also known as GomBurZa ), Thirteen Martyrs of Cavite (Trece Martires), Thirteen Martyrs of Bagumbayan, Fifteen Martyrs of Bicol (Quince Martires de Bicolandia), Nineteen Martyrs of Aklan and Jose Rizal were executed by the Spanish government. Overview of capital punishment in the PhilippinesĬapital punishment in the Philippines ( Filipino: Parusang Kamatayan sa Pilipinas) specifically, the death penalty, as a form of state-sponsored repression, was introduced and widely practiced by the Spanish government in the Philippines.